It is understood that the "Planning" has conducted an in-depth analysis of the abnormal fluctuations in China's grain prices since 2008, clearly pointing out that there have been major changes in the basics and conditions of China's food control. There are now competing interests and conflicts from different levels, resulting in the current food regulation mechanism. Substantially weakened, the difficulty and cost of government regulation are increasing.
The more specific analysis is that the government has raised the minimum purchase price for grain and other supporting policies for three consecutive years, prompting the market to gradually form the expectation that food prices will only rise, and that since last year, COFCO and Hua grain have participated in the summer grain purchase. Therefore, breaking the pattern of policy grain monopoly of grain storage in China’s central grain reserves, it is also considered that the formation of “reverse regulation effects†has increased market monopolies, pushed up grain prices, increased the cost of policy implementation and supervision, and increased the complexity of macroeconomic regulation and control. .
The "planning" also suggests that the state should plan the top-level design of the food control mechanism as soon as possible, including objectives and principles, control mechanisms, and institutional frameworks. The proposal places special emphasis on the need to “focus on cultivating and supporting policy-enforcement entities, encourage companies to become bigger and better,†“enhance reserve transfer, logistics processing, and coordination of import and export†and “strictly control corn†(2386). 1.00, 0.04%) Deep processing capacity expansion.
Regulating discomfort
Since last year, the prices of the three main staple foods in the country have continuously risen sharply, and in particular, the fluctuations in the price of corn have been most unusual. Although the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Grain Administration and other parties have revised the corn auction rules three or five times, they have not been effective. Today, there are serious "discomforts" in the regulation of food policies.
As if it were deliberately pursuing international integration, in April, the price of Chicago corn futures reached the highest level since July 2008. After the two sessions of the country, the price of corn began a new round of rise, which was significantly larger than that of rice and wheat. Soybeans and other food varieties.
The public information shows that the traders in the main sales areas in the south are generally bullish about future corn prices, and the price of high-quality corn in the Guangdong port has exceeded 2,300 yuan per ton. In Heilongjiang, Jilin and other major corn producing provinces, the price of corn in Heilongjiang in March rose by 4.48% compared with the previous month, far higher than the increase in rice, soybeans, and wheat; the price of dried corn in central China has reached the current price in Jilin. 2020 yuan per ton -2030 yuan.
Corresponding to the increase in prices, the farmers in the producing areas are expected to have high corn prices, and they generally maintain their reluctance to sell goods. The progress of all parties in the acquisition of corn is rather difficult. According to analysts from the industry, since the Spring Festival last year, the state reserve corn auction has been vigorous, and corn inventories have declined significantly. The grain purchased from China Grain Reserves since the restoration of grain collection in January this year is quite limited. It is expected that it will be difficult to complete the country this year. The rotation of the maize replacement subsidy task will, to a large extent, weaken the ability of the late government to regulate the corn market.
According to Liu Xiaoran, Secretary-General of the Jilin Provincial Food Economics Association, the next step in the supply and demand contradiction in the domestic corn market will become more apparent. He lamented: "The peasants are reluctant to sell their food and it is very difficult to break up many grain brokers who make food for living."
The aforementioned informed sources told this newspaper that the Development Research Center of the State Council attached great importance to the abnormal fluctuations in domestic corn prices. As early as last year, it sent investigations into the main maize producing areas. According to the survey, last year's increase in food prices, including corn, was mainly due to domestic policy factors. The so-called related “policy factors†mainly refer to the fact that since 2008, the government has raised the minimum of wheat and rice for three consecutive years. The purchase price, in the same year, began to implement the policy of temporary purchasing and storage of corn, and the market has gradually formed the expectation that food prices will only go up.
In addition, the main author of “Planning†also believes that starting from the acquisition of summer grain last year, multiple entities such as COFCO, China Spinning, and China Grain broke the pattern of exclusive monopoly purchasing and storage of grain in the grain storage policy and participated in the acquisition of wheat in the city. Another important "policy factor" for price increases.
"Planning" clearly pointed out that the minimum purchase price, temporary reserves, and multiple-subjects participation in the lowest price competition and other food support policies have sent a strong price support signal to the market, and the current food control policy lacks corresponding supporting regulatory constraints. As for the punishment mechanism, the market result caused by multiple “policy factors†is that the implementation of food control policies has been increasingly deformed.
To this end, the "planning" suggests that the state should implement top-level design of the grain control system. It is necessary to use and make good use of the advantages of the vertical management system. It cannot be due to the occurrence of intermediate grain reserves and other central enterprises, between the central government and local governments, etc. The game of interests has weakened the regulation of national policies.
Who is the chaos
For the “chaos†that looted wheat during the acquisition of summer grain last year, domestic public opinion almost unanimously held that grain storage in the country’s number one protagonist has an unshirkable primary responsibility. Officials pointed out that one of the important reasons for this is that the current preemptive buying policy, dominated by China Grain Reserves, lacks a competition mechanism.
After a series of food control policies, the government is interested in introducing more competition for food storage and competition.
In early October, the State Council issued a document demanding that "China Grain Reserves fully suspend all other purchases and sales activities other than those directly related to reserve-handling rotation." On November 11, the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Grain Administration jointly issued a document to introduce companies such as COFCO, Hualiang Group, China Textile Group, Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Bureau, and other enterprises to the central reserve grain storage area. In addition, it is also stipulated that the qualifications for the storage and storage of central grain reserves for foods and fats and oils shall be separately applied for.
In fact, starting from the acquisition of summer grain last year, central enterprises such as COFCO and Hualiang have all been allowed to participate in the grain procurement policy purchase. The reopening of new arrivals such as COFCO indicated that the multiple competition pattern in the domestic food storage and storage field is rapidly forming.
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