Recently, Pan Jianwei and Zhang Jun, University of Science and Technology of China, and other colleagues from the University of Oxford collaborated to experimentally achieve a 68 Gbps high-speed quantum random number generator. Relevant papers have been published in the "Review of Scientific Instruments" by authoritative author [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86, 063105 (2015)]. The work of MIT Technology Review, a well-known US technology review magazine, is covered in the title "World's Fastest Quantum Random Number Generator Unveiled in China." The result provides a feasible solution to the quantum random number requirement of future ultra-high speed quantum cryptography.
A random number generator is a device used to generate a sequence of random numbers, which are usually based on physical systems and are characterized by unpredictability, non-repeatability and unbiasedness. The quantum random number generator is a system that generates true random numbers based on quantum physics or quantum effects. It has an important application in fields such as practical quantum cryptosystems that require high stochastic quality and safety. Bit rate is the most important indicator of quantum random number generator. Early quantum random number generator using single photon path selection scheme, bit rate of only 4 Mbps. In order to obtain high bit-rate quantum random numbers, scientists have proposed various schemes in recent years. For example, the single photon arrival time measurement scheme can increase the bit rate to the level of 100 Mbps. In 2012, the Lo team at the University of Toronto in Canada implemented 6 Gbps Quantum random number generator system and so on.
At present, one important goal in the field of practical quantum communication is to increase the operating frequency of the quantum cryptography system to the order of 10 GHz. For such a system, quantum random numbers of more than 50 Gbps are required to modulate single photon pulses. For this reason, Pan Jianwei developed ultra-high-speed quantum random number generation technology based on laser phase fluctuation and realizes high-stability interferometer without temperature control by means of real-time power feedback. The quantum phase fluctuation of spontaneous emission photons in semiconductor lasers Information is transformed into intensity information for ultra-high speed sampling. At the same time, the team systematically optimized the working current of the laser to maximize the contribution of the quantum phase fluctuation to the contribution of the classical noise. After the lower bound of the quantum random number in the original data is determined by the minimum entropy model and refined, the final output quantum bit rate of 68 Gbps, which is an order of magnitude higher than the previous fastest rate.
The above research has been funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Fund Commission, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Education.
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